10.5 Gibbs Free Energy
The change in entropy of the surroundings often plays a dominant role in
determining whether the process is spontaneous ( if DS
is positive ).
Gibbs Free Energy is a criterion for spontaneity and takes into
account the entropy change of the surroundings.
The Gibbs Free Energy Function is defined by the equation,
For change at constant temperature
Based on DG reaction behavior can be predicted
accurately.
|
DG negative reaction proceeds
spontaneously.
0 reaction is at equilibrium
positive reaction will not proceed at all
|
Free energy or reaction can be calculated as follows :
| DG
reaction = DG
products - DG
reactants |
Standard Free Energy
A standard free energy change, given the symbol DG0
applies to a reaction run at 250C and 1 atm pressure with reactions
and products in their standard states (that state in which the substance occurs
under these conditions).
The standard free energy of formation DG0f
is defined as the change in standard free energies when 1 mole of a substance is
prepared from its constituent elements.
An element in its standard state at 250C and 1 atm is assigned a
standard free energy of zero.
The table lists the standard free energy formation of different compounds.
|
