CHEMICAL BONDAGE
Introduction
The union of two or more atoms involving redistribution of electrons either
by transfer or sharing between themselves, so that all of them acquire the
stable noble gas configuration of minimum energy is known as chemical bonding.
The attraction between atoms within a molecule is called a chemical bond.
Electronic theory of valency :
The electronic theory leads to the following types of combination between
atoms.
1) Ionic or Electrovalent Bond :
Involving transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to
another.
2) Covalent Bond :
Mutual sharing of electrons between two atoms.
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Octet rule : Formation of many ionic and covalent compounds can be
explained on the basis of the octet rule which states that "Atoms of elements
tend to acquire an octet of electrons (i.e. eight electrons) in their outermost
shell through combination with other atoms." In doing so they tend to achieve
electronic configuration of the nearest inert gas.
However there are some limitations with the octet rule as it
fails to explain incomplete and expanded octets.
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