| Drug Name |
Category |
Comments |
| Cefamandole |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
2nd generation |
May show Disulfarim-like reaction; don't take with EtOH.
Cephalosporinase-resistant. |
|
| Cefonicid |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
2nd generation |
Excreted mainly by glomerular filtration (rather than
active tubular secretion), thus it has a longer half-life. |
| Ceforanide |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
2nd generation |
|
| Cefoxitin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
2nd generation |
IV. Cephalosporinase-resistant. |
| Cefuroxine |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
2nd generation |
IV |
| Cefixime |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
PO administration. Can penetrate into
the CNS. |
| Cefoperazone |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
Active against Pseudomonas.
Can penetrate into the CNS. Biliary excretion, longer half-life.
Cephalosporinase-resistant.
May show Disulfarim-like reaction; don't take with EtOH |
| Cefotaxime |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
IV. Can penetrate CNS.
Cephalosporinase-resistant. |
| Ceftazidime |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
IV. |
| Ceftazidime |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
Active against Pseudomonas. |
| Ceftizoxime |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
Can penetrate CNS. |
| Ceftriaxone |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
IV. Biliary excretion, longer half-life. |
| Moxalactam |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
3rd generation |
IV. Penetrates CNS.
Adverse Effects: May show Disulfarim-like reaction; don't take with
EtOH. May also see occassional bleeding. |
| Cefepine |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Cephalosporin
4th generation |
Actually a fourth generation, brand new drug, with
extended spectrum and greater resistance to beta-Lactamase inactivation. |
| Bacitracin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Intracellular |
Bactericidal. It is only used as a topical
antibacterial. Severe nephrotoxicity prevents systemic use. Inhibits
cell-wall synthesis intracellularly. |
| Vancomycin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Intracellular |
Given IV for gram-positives, or PO for GI superinfections (as a
topical, intraluminal antibiotic). It is not absorbed through the GI
tract.
MECH = inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis intracellularly -- rather than
extracellularly as in the beta-lactams. Resistance is a recent problem. |
| Aztreonam |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Monobactam |
beta-Lactamase resistant. Effective against gram-negative
aerobes such as Pseudomonas, Serratia. Little or no
activity against gram-positives or anaerobes. |
| Augmentin
(Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid) |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins |
Combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid is called Augmentin.
Good choice for pediatric Otitis Media. |
| Benzathine Penicillin G |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins |
Relatively insoluble salt of penicillin is given IM
as a "depot" preparation, for long-term storage in muscle and sustained
release. |
| Penicillin G |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins |
Active against gram-positives. |
| Penicillin V
|
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins |
Acid-stable Pencillin G, thus it can be given PO.
Active against Gram-positives. |
| Amoxacillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Broad-Spectrum |
Broad-spectrum agent. Increased gram-negative
activity |
| Ampicillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Broad-Spectrum |
Broad-spectrum agent. PO. Increased gram-negative
activity. Acid-stable, but beta-lactamase sensitive.
90% of patients with Mononucleosis get a rash while
receiving this drug. |
| Carbenicillin indamyl |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
Extended-Spectrum agent.
Acid-stable ester of carbenicillin, recently
developed, that can be given orally. |
| Carbenicillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
IV, acid-labile drug.
Extended-Spectrum agent. Proteus and
Pseudomonas. For Pseudomonas, use combination therapy with
aminoglycoside, as rapid resistance can develop. |
| Mezlocillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
Extended-Spectrum agent. Proteus and
Pseudomonas. |
| Piperacillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
Extended-Spectrum agent. Proteus, Pseudomonas
and Klebsiella. |
| Ticarcillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Extended-Spectrum |
Extended-Spectrum agent. Proteus and
Pseudomonas. |
| Cloxacillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Penicillinase-Resistant |
Similar to Penicillin G. PO. Highly protein-bound.
beta-Lactamase Resistant, Acid Stable |
| Dicloxacillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Penicillinase-Resistant |
Similar to Penicillin G. PO. Highly protein-bound.
beta-Lactamase Resistant, Acid Stable |
| Floxacillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Penicillinase-Resistant |
Similar to Penicillin G. PO. Highly protein-bound.
beta-Lactamase Resistant, Acid Stable |
| Methicillin |
Anti-Microbial; Anti-Bacterial
ICWS; Penicillins
Penicillinase-Resistant |
Given only IV, because it is acid-labile.
Altered PBP's appears to be the mode of resistance in the case
of Staph. Aureus. beta-Lactamase Resistant. |
